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Apr 29, 2024

Assignment Task

Description

The assignment requires that you analyse a data set, interpret, and draw conclusions from your analysis, and then convey your conclusions in a written report. The assignment must be completed individually and must be submitted electronically in CloudDeakin by the due date. When submitting electronically, you must check that you have submitted the work correctly by following the instructions provided in CloudDeakin. Hard copies or assignments submitted via email will NOT be accepted.

The assignment uses a data set which can be downloaded from CloudDeakin. The assignment focuses on materials presented up to and including Week 7. Following is an introduction to this scenario and detailed guidelines.

Context/Scenario

Data-Driven Insights for Quality Education and Gender Equality

In an increasingly interconnected world, the power of data analytics has become undeniable, serving as a crucial tool in identifying gaps, measuring progress, and strategizing interventions for global challenges. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) , particularly SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality) , stand at the forefront of the global agenda to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all, alongside achieving gender equality and empowering everyone.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a universal call to action, adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, to “end poverty and inequality, protect the planet, and ensure that

all people enjoy health, justice and prosperity by 2030. It is critical that no one is left behind (WHO1).” Among these goals, SDG 4 and SDG 5 stand out for their commitment to transforming the global landscape of quality education and gender equality. SDG 4 aims to “Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all” (UN2), targeting significant advances in literacy, access to quality education, and lifelong learning opportunities. SDG 5`s objective is to “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls” (UN3) focusing on ending discrimination, violence, and any harmful practices against women and girls in all spheres of life. These goals highlight the critical intersection of education and gender equality as fundamental to achieving broader economic development, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability. For those interested in exploring these goals further and understanding their targets, indicators, and progress, the United Nations` official SDG website provides comprehensive resources and updates. Studying these resources will enrich your understanding of the global efforts underway to secure a better and more equitable future (Sustainable development goals:

This assignment is designed to engage your critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills through the use of descriptive analytics on the given dataset. You are tasked with conducting univariate and bivariate analyses, calculating some probabilities, performing hypothesis testing, and building confidence intervals to analyse and comprehend the status of quality education and gender equality across various countries and regions. Building upon Assignment 1`s interactive dashboard/data visualization, your challenge is to dig deeper into the dataset to extract meaningful insights and patterns that illustrate the advancements and obstacles in meeting these global objectives.

A series of questions, accompanied by guidelines highlighted in blue, are presented below. You are required to submit your Excel file containing your data analysis, along with a report that explains the outcomes of your analysis. Given that your audience may not have training in business analytics, your report must present the results in plain, straightforward language. A template has been provided for your use.

1. Univariate Analysis:

Categorical Variables

  • Provide a profile of the categorical variable IncomeGroup

Our assumption is that income groups are evenly distributed. If the distribution is uneven, identify the most (and least) frequent income group.

You will need to create a suitable table that includes the number and proportion of income groups.

Create an appropriate graph to illustrate your analysis.

Numerical Variables

  • A critical focus area for understanding global development is the Human Development Index (HDI). Conduct an analysis of HDI values. Provide THREE significant observations from your
  • You will need to generate the appropriate Descriptive/Summary Statistics for HDI values, including quartile details and the interquartile range. Using an appropriate technique, determine whether there are any outliers in HDI data.
  • Create appropriate graph(s) to illustrate your analysis.

2. Bivariate Analysis

Categorical/Categorical Variables

  • We aim to deepen our understanding of global development patterns, particularly exploring the potential relationship between IncomeGroup and HDIGroup . Please provide THREE key observations from your analysis.
  • You will need to create appropriate (pivot) tables and/or heat maps that display the number (and proportion) of countries within each HDI Group for every Income Group. Develop suitable graphs to visually represent your findings and illustrate the analysis effectively.
  • Create appropriate graphs to illustrate your analysis.

Categorical/Numerical Variables

  • We aim to explore the dynamics of global development, focusing on the potential relationship between Region and HDI values. Please provide key observations from your analysis in the provided table.
  • You will need to create appropriate tables and/or heat maps that identify the Average HDI values across different Regions.
  • Create appropriate graphs to illustrate your analysis.

Numerical/Numerical Variables

  • We believe that certain indicators may influence or correlate with levels of human development and gender equality. Specifically, we aim to understand the relationships between the following:
    1. Human Development Index (HDI) and Proportion of Seats Held by Women in National Parliaments (ParliamentFemale)
    2. Gender Development Index (GDI) and Government Expenditure on Education as a Percentage of GDP (GovExpend)
    3. Gender Development Index (GDI) and the Human Development Index (HDI)
  • You will need to calculate suitable measures of association to advise on the nature of these relationships, if any.
  • Create appropriate graphs to illustrate your analysis.

3. Probability

  • Assuming that the HDI values are approximately normally distributed, advise which Income Group has the highest probability of HDI values exceeding 0.8.
  • To answer this question, you will need to perform separate probability calculations for each Income Group.
  • Assuming that the Gender Development Index (GDI) values are approximately normally distributed, advise which Income Group has the lowest probability of GDI values exceeding 8.
  • To answer this question, you will need to perform separate probability calculations for each Income Group.

4. Confidence Intervals:

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a vital measure for assessing the level of human development across countries. Provide an overall estimate of the average HDI for countries of each Income Group. Which Income Group appears to have the highest (average) HDI? Which Income Group appears to have the lowest (average) HDI?

You will need to produce a comparative table of descriptive/summary statistics of the HDI for each Income Group. Then, you will need to calculate a 95% confidence interval for the average HDI for each Income Group.

Create an appropriate graph to illustrate your analysis.

Hypothesis Testing (consider α = 5%)

It is suggested that the average Human Development Index (HDI) for countries within every Income Group may now be above a specific threshold. For instance, a threshold might be set at an HDI of 0.7. Does the data confirm this hypothesis?

To address this question, you will need to conduct an appropriate hypothesis test for the HDI values for each Income Group.

Data description

The provided Excel file includes multiple sheets, labelled “Data Description”, “SDG Data” and a worksheet for your dashboard. The “Data Description” sheet describes all the variables used in the “SDG Data” and is copied below for your convenience. You also need to calculate the total population from urban and rural figures and creating a new HDI group variable, categorizing countries into HDI tiers as described in the data description sheet.

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