Lean manufacturing, a production management philosophy originating from the Toyota Production System (TPS), has revolutionized the manufacturing industry by enhancing productivity, reducing waste, and improving overall operational efficiency. In recent years, lean principles have become increasingly relevant in the context of passenger vehicle manufacturing plants, where optimizing production lines is crucial for maintaining competitiveness in a global market. This essay explores the application of lean manufacturing principles in passenger vehicle manufacturing plants within the last five years, focusing on how these principles contribute to production line optimization. By examining recent developments, case studies, and research findings, this essay aims to shed light on the contemporary strategies and practices used to achieve lean production in the automotive industry.