May 03, 2023

Questions:

Analyze the primary source excerpt from Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Emile(1762) by linking his arguments to Enlightenment thought. Identify three main points in his writing and explain these ideas in relation to Enlightenment ideals/values from our textbook or in class discussion.

Analyze the primary source excerpts from Mary Wollstonecraft A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) in our handout and on page 648 in our textbook. Explain the historical context of her writing, especially how revolutionary ideas led to political revolutions.

Provide three examples of how Wollstonecraft challenges Rousseau’s statements about the education and rights of women in the Enlightenment.

Explain how the gendered debate helped you to analyze primary sources in historical context. Discuss your experiential learning embodying the opposite gender role. Describe how this experience helped you to understand more about how gender is socially, culturally, and historically constructed.

Answers:

1.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was one of the most influential enlightenment philosophers of the eighteenth century. His novel Emile was considered to be one of the pioneering books on the nature of education and man. The excerpt from his work deals with equality among humans. However, the book largely women ignored as seen through the characters of Emile’s wife Sophie. He expressed that women were less rational and weaker than men. According to him men do not need women but women need men. He specifically distinguishes between what men and women need in education.

To Rousseau the purpose of life for a woman is to become a mother and wife. Therefore, their education should be different than the education of men. In his view of women’s education, he was more aligned with the primitivism. Women with the inferiority to men should be offered minimal vocational education. According to him nature had made women different from the men and this difference gives birth to the political inequality. He believed that women have naturally weaker bodies than women so they have weaker minds as well. Women can offer only “little resistance” where men have both power and will. He clearly described that women are created because of “man’s delight” and “subjection to men”.

HIST 102 History Of Civilizations II

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